Hedayatallah Shams; Gholamreza Garmaroudi; Saharnaz Nedjat
Volume 19, Issue 5 , May 2017, , Pages 1-11
Abstract
Background: Bullying is considered a serious health problem in primary schools, high schools, and universities. It can have negative effects on both the bully and who is bullied. The negative consequences of it include depression, anxiety, drug abuse, etc. These consequences can be devastating in many ...
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Background: Bullying is considered a serious health problem in primary schools, high schools, and universities. It can have negative effects on both the bully and who is bullied. The negative consequences of it include depression, anxiety, drug abuse, etc. These consequences can be devastating in many areas of the person’s future life like his/her relations with other people. The current study aims at investigating the factors that students and teachers believe can affect bullying.Methods: A qualitative design based on content analysis approach was used to collect the data and analyze the perspective of 72 Iranian students, 12 teachers, and 9 parents chosen by a purposeful sampling strategy in Gonabad. Semi-structured interviews were held in order to collect the data. Sampling was continued until the data saturation. The data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach by MAXQUDA 2010 software.Results: In this study, five factors associated with bullying were identified. The factors include ‘psychological factors’, ‘family factors’, ‘school factors’, ‘socioeconomic factors’, and ‘the influence of themedia’. The first factor includes four sub-factors of psychiatric disorder, pride and arrogance, jealousy, and imposing will and opinions on others. The second factor includes four sub-factors of family violence, wrong parenting, siblings’ bullying behavior, and parental employment. The third factor includes four sub-factors of not paying attention to the students’ inappropriate behaviors, discrimination against the students, teachers’ behaviors, and peer influence. The fourth factor includes three sub-factors of the lack of patience, neighbors’ influence on our behaviors, and poverty.And the fifth factor includes two sub-factors of the influence of social media and the Internet, and violent video games.Conclusions: Bullying has different aspects and, therefore, we should pay attention to its psychological causes, family problems, school problems, and social and economic factors, etc. we should pay more attention to the lack of patience as a religious-mental variable which seems to be closely linked with a behavioral issue.
Hesamedin Askari Majdabadi; Ali Montazeri; Davoud Shojaeizadeh; Saharnaz Nedjat; Farideh Khalajabadi Farahani; Abolghasem Djazayeri; Mohsen Asadi-Lari; Mahnaz Solhi
Volume 19, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
Background: Many people are concerned with the problems and side effects caused by increased levels of fast food (FF) consumption, especially among adolescents. Several studies have assessed the problems of FF consumption particularly weight gain and obesity. However, few address the methods, strategies, ...
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Background: Many people are concerned with the problems and side effects caused by increased levels of fast food (FF) consumption, especially among adolescents. Several studies have assessed the problems of FF consumption particularly weight gain and obesity. However, few address the methods, strategies, and policies needed to reduce this issue.Objectives: This study aims to explore parent and stakeholder views and perspectives on the means to reduce adolescent FF consumption. Patients and Methods: The present paper is based on original research conducted from June to December 2012. In this study, 19 participants were selected using purposive sampling. Their experiences and perspectives were explored using in-depth semistructured interviews; a thematic content analysis with a conventional approach was conducted to analyze the data. Using this approach, the transcripts were coded openly, and subcategories and categories were chosen based on similarities. Subsequently, themes were defined at a more abstract level.Results: Three main themes were identified as approaches and strategies suggested by parents and stakeholders to reduce FF consumption. These included culture building, supporting healthy eating styles, and controlling and supervising healthy eating styles.Conclusions: Based on the extracted themes, some interventions can be suggested to reduce FF consumption among young people. A holistic approach that incorporates a change of culture, social support, and supervision is promising. Further quantitative studies are also recommended.
